Hayes (Kent) History

Pitt John, 2nd Earl of Chatham

PITT, John, 2nd Earl of Chatham 10 October 1756 – 24 September 1835Ensign 47th Foot March 1774 to General 1812First Lord of Admiralty, 1778-1794, Lord Privy Seal, Lord President of the Council,  Governor of Jersey 1807-1820, Governor of Gibraltar 1820-1835 Early lifeJohn Pitt was born at Hayes Place on 10 October 1756. He was the eldest son of William Pitt the Elder, 1st Lord Chatham, and his wife Hester (née Grenville). His father wrote to his nephew Thomas with the news: “I have the pleasure to acquaint you with the glad tidings of Hayes. Lady Hester was safely delivered this morning of a son”. He commented to George Grenville on his health and size: “the young man meets with general applause for stature and strength”. John was baptised the same year at Hayes Church on 7 November. His elder sister Hester had been born a year earlier and another sister Harriot was born in 1758. The following year saw the birth of his brother William whose later political career would overshadow John, who from an early age was destined to join the army. Letters from their mother reveal the delight that the children found in simple pursuits in the grounds of Hayes Place. She told of Hetty and John chasing butterflies and in 1760 the children rejoiced with their mother over the news of the victory at Torgau. John aged four shouted “Hurrah”. The next year his brother James was born. The children were all educated at home by Revd Edward Wilson and their mother reported John’s achievements in her letters to her husband. In 1766 she wrote, “John was distinguished first for his mathematics and then for his Latin lesson.” His drawing was also good and he loved dancing which he was taught along with his brothers and sisters by dancing master Giovanni Gallini. Throughout his life he loved riding and shooting. His parents considered but decided not to send him to Eton. He continued to be taught by Edward Wilson until his father secured him a position as an ensign in the 47th Foot. In 1774 his army career commenced when he travelled out with Sir Guy Carleton to Quebec. He took part in many overseas campaigns, with mixed fortune, but rose to the position of General by 1812. Honeymoon at HayesFollowing the death of his father at Hayes Place in 1778, John became the 2nd Earl of Chatham. He married his childhood sweetheart, Lady Mary Townshend, at her father’s London house at Albermarle Street, St. George Hanover Square, on 10 July 1783 and they honeymooned at Hayes Place. Mary, now Countess of Chatham, was the daughter of Thomas Townsend MP, 1st Baron Sydney, after whom the city of Sydney, Australia, is named. He was a political supporter of Pitt the Elder and later held key government positions in Pitt the Younger’s government. As Home Secretary, Townshend was responsible for plans to send convicts to Botany Bay in Australia and the Governor he appointed honoured his patron by naming Sydney Cove after him. The Townsends lived at Frognal House, Sidcup, Kent, which was the original building of the Queen’s Hospital, now Queen Mary’s Hospital, at Sidcup.  The settlement of William Pitt the Elder’s estate took several years. Hayes Place was heavily mortgaged and the family decided to sell it to pay off some of their debts. The house was finally sold in 1785 and John’s connection with Hayes ended. The Late Earl of Chatham When his brother William became Prime Minister John received a number of political appointments. His army career continued and In 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars, he commanded the British land force in the failed Walcheren Campaign in the Netherlands. The campaign was a disaster. 4,000 troops died, mainly of malaria and John’s reputation was tarnished. He was publicly criticised for living off the success of his father and brother. This was perhaps unfair, but he didn’t always help himself, earning the nickname of the ‘Late Earl of Chatham’ in reference to the fact that he was invariably late for most engagements! He enjoyed a frivolous lifestyle and was partial to a long lie in, generally not surfacing until late morning, even while he was First Lord of the Admiralty. All in all, John lived in the shadow of his father and brother William, and is not remembered kindly by history. John outlived all his siblings by many years, including his brother William, who died in office as Prime Minister in 1806. John died in 1835, aged 78, at Berkeley Square, London, and is buried at Westminster Abbey. John and Mary had no children and, as his two brothers had pre-deceased him without children, the title of Earl of Chatham became extinct with John’s death. Nick Goddard & Jean Wilson Further Information:The Late Lord: The Life of John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham, by Jacqueline Reiter. The House of Pitt, Sir T Lever, John Murray 1947Chatham Papers, National Archives PRO 30/8

PITT Hester, Countess of Chatham

PITT (née Grenville), Hester8 November 1720 – 3 April 1803Baroness Chatham Hester was the sixth child and only daughter of Richard Grenville and his wife Hester, daughter of Richard Temple of Stowe. In 1754 she married William Pitt the elder whom she had known for many years because of William’s friendship with her brothers. They moved to Hayes where Hester was largely responsible for supervising the implementation of her husband’s plans for the garden and for the enlargement, decorations and furnishings of Hayes Place.Between 1755 and 1761 they had five children – Hester, John, Harriot, William and James. When Pitt was away she wrote to him daily about both the activities of the children and events at Hayes Place and in the village. She played a very important part in the life of both her husband and her children although her role has to a large extent been overshadowed by her husband and fourth child William, who both became Prime Ministers. But throughout her life she was a source of strength for them. A woman of influenceThe banker Coutts referred to her as ‘the cleverest man of her time in politics and business’. She was well informed. In August 1760 Lady Hester Pitt wrote to her husband after the news of the victory at Torgau ‘I wait for the guns and then Hayes bells shall speak for the king of Prussia’ and after the successes in Canada Pitt sent a messenger on horseback to Hester who replied ‘Happy and glorious for my beloved England, happy and glorious for my most loved and admired Husband’. Hayes Place was an important centre of political debate and even cabinet meetings were held there when her husband was unable through ill health to make the journey to London. On Pitt’s resignation in 1761 Hester was made Baroness Chatham. In 1765 Pitt was left Burton Pynsent in Somerset and he began to plan for its rebuilding leaving Lady Chatham to negotiate the sale of Hayes Place. In early May she expressed her sorrow at leaving Hayes, ‘so loved a place’, but she also stated that she was ’somewhat fatigued by such continual business and such continual company’. Hayes Place was sold in 1766 to Thomas Walpole but then Pitt changed his mind and decided that only the ‘sweet air of Hayes’ could make him better. Considerable guile was needed by Hester to persuade Walpole to resell the property to them, even though it cost them a great deal. Later yearsAfter their return to Hayes in 1767 Pitt continued to have periods of illness. Indeed these would lead to his virtual retirement in Hayes for the last three years of his life (1775-78). At this time Hester wrote virtually everyday to his physician Dr Addington for advice on the best action to take to cure her husband. On the description of Chatham’s symptoms Addington would prescribe for the patient by letter. Dr Addington certainly visited Hayes but it is not clear how often. The main burden of care fell on Mr Reed the Hayes family practitioner and on Hester herself. Indeed Vere Birdwood refers to her ‘heroic devotion to a deeply depressed and depressing patient’.  It was also a difficult time financially and Hester tried to let either Hayes or Burton Pynsent. More and more money had to be loaned by kind friends and advances were made on an already much mortgaged Hayes. When Pitt died in Hayes in 1778 Parliament granted £20,000 to clear his debts which was a relief for Hester who now decided to sell Hayes and moved to Burton Pynsent. However, the settlement of affairs took some time and she made half yearly visits to Hayes. It was 1784 before the property was sold.  Her last few years were very hard. Her eldest daughter Hester, who had married Charles Mahon son of 2nd Earl Stanhope in Hayes in 1774, never really recovered from the birth of her third child and died in July 1780. Shortly after Hester heard that her youngest son James, who was in the navy, had died in the West Indies. Her son William hurried down to Somerset to comfort his mother and persuaded her to move to Hayes so that she might be more accessible from London. It was on January 23 1781 that he took his seat in the House of Commons and although he became the youngest ever PM he still sought his mother’s advice and support until she died in 1803.    Further information: Birdwood, Vere ed, So Dearly Loved So Much Admired, HMSO 1994

FRANKLIN, Benjamin

Franklin, Benjamin 17 January 1706 – 17 April 1790A Founding Father of the United StatesVisited Hayes several times to try to prevent the American Revolution.  In 2025, the United States of America commemorate the 250-year anniversary of the start of the American Revolutionary War. The war started on 19 April 1775, and it may surprise you to discover that the village of Hayes played a part in the events leading up to the outbreak of this conflict that still shapes the world we live in today.  Benjamin Franklin, an American founding father, who appears on the $100 US Dollar note, visited Hayes on four separate occasions in the months leading up to the war. Franklin was a politician and scientist who, amongst other things, invented the lightning rod. He spent many years living in London in the period before the American Revolution, influencing politics regarding British policy in America on behalf of the colonies. At the outbreak of the American Revolution, Hayes was the home of former Prime Minister, William Pitt the Elder, by then elevated to the title Lord Chatham, and of his teenage son and future Prime Minister, William Pitt the Younger.   William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, 1766 (Bromley Historic Collections, Kadwell Portfolio P180/23/12) The Nerve Centre of the Nation  During Pitt the Elder’s time in Hayes, ‘The Great Commoner’, as he was known, was visited by some of the most famous and influential names in history, and this included Benjamin Franklin, as he colluded with Lord Chatham to avoid revolution in the American colonies.  Earlier in his career, as Secretary of State for the Southern Department, a kind of Foreign Secretary of its time, Pitt the Elder had masterminded the British victory in The Seven Years War while living in Hayes. Pitt was often ill and so spent much time governing and leading the war effort from his country retreat at Hayes Place. Hayes was referred to as “The nerve centre of the nation” (Yes, seriously!).  Famous victories in North America, at Louisburg in 1758 and Quebec in 1759, had made Pitt a national hero on both sides of the Atlantic.   General James Wolfe, born in Westerham, travelled to Hayes to meet with Pitt the night before his departure for Canada, where he defeated the Marquis de Montcalm’s French forces at Quebec, but heroically lost his life in doing so. Montcalm died too. It was said in 1759 that “Our bells are worn threadbare with ringing for victories” and the bells of St. Mary’s in Hayes Church will have rung most proudly. 1759 also saw the birth in Hayes of William Pitt the Younger, and he was baptised at St. Mary’s Church, Hayes. Fort Pitt in Pennsylvania was named in honour of Pitt the Elder and later developed into the city of Pittsburgh.  Be To Her Virtues Very Kind  By 1774, after being plagued by ill health, and a disastrous spell as Prime Minister, Lord Chatham’s political influence had greatly diminished and his views on taking a more tolerant approach in America were in the minority on the British side of the Atlantic. He had opposed the Stamp Tax and defended his position vigorously. In a famous speech, Chatham urged Parliament to apply the words of a well-known popular ballad, about a man’s behaviour to his wife, to the behaviour of the colonies; “Be to her faults a little blind. Be to her virtues very kind”. Pitt did not support independence for America, but he had long supported a more sympathetic approach. Franklin held a similar position when they met.  Medal struck for Pitt’s part in the Repeal of the Stamp Act 1766 Medal struck for Pitt’s part in the Repeal of the Stamp Act 1766 Franklin Visits Hayes In August 1774, returning from a trip to Brighton, then called Brighthelmstone, Benjamin Franklin stopped in Kent to have dinner with his friend Charles Mahon (later 3rd Earl Stanhope) who, quite unexpectedly, told Franklin that Lord Chatham was seeking an interview with him to discuss American affairs. The next morning Franklin took Stanhope’s carriage to meet with Lord Chatham at Hayes Place.  Dr. Franklin gave an interesting account of their meeting, the first time they had met. He wrote that the “truly great man”, Lord Chatham, “received me with abundance of civility, inquired particularly into the situation of affairs in America, spoke feelingly of the severity of the late laws against the Massachusetts, gave me some account of his speech in opposing them, and expressed great regard and esteem for the people of that country, who he hoped would continue firm and united in defending by all peaceable and legal means their constitutional rights. I assured him that I made no doubt they would do so; which he said he was pleased to hear from me, as he was sensible I must be well acquainted with them”.  Lord Chatham talked of “restoring the ancient harmony of the two countries which he most earnestly desired”. Before leaving Hayes, Franklin promised to keep Lord Chatham advised of any important intelligence that might arrive from America. Several months passed before they met again and in this time the politics further intensified. Pitt the Elder’s daughter, Hester, married Franklin’s friend, Charles Mahon, later 3rd Earl Stanhope, at Hayes on 19 December 1774. The wedding is recorded in the Hayes Parish Church register but took place at ‘The Earl of Chatham’s’ by special licence. On 26 December 1774, Franklin journeyed out from London to visit Hayes again.  Franklin wrote of Pitt that Chatham received him “with an affectionate kind of respect, that from so great a man was extremely engaging”. Chatham suggested his intention to prepare something to present to Parliament, if his health permitted, and on 19 January 1775, he invited Franklin to attend the House of Lords with him the following day, which he did, to witness Chatham urging the Lords to withdraw British troops from Boston, Franklin’s birthplace. This was Chatham’s first major speech in Parliament for some years

Notable Hayes Astronomer

Notable Hayes Astronomer Thomas John Hussey By Jean Wilson Hayes inhabitants were amazed in 1831 at almost the first action of their new rector, the ‘eccentric’ Thomas John Hussey. Newly married, he moved into the rectory (today’s Hayes Library) and immediately began to build an Observatory as an extension to the house. No planning requirements needed then! He employed a local carpenter, Gabriel Hutfield, who had a workshop in George Lane, to carry out the project. It involved creating a passageway, lined in dark wood, from the rear of the building to a circular room with a 13-foot (3.96m) wooden dome covered with copper. Instead of one continuous open slit, his dome had three doors in different sections which he reported ‘opened up to provide an excellent view of the night sky.’ 1832 Hussey’s Observatory attached to Hayes Rectory, today Hayes Library Hussey was 34 years old and from an early age had been interested in astronomy. Ordained in 1823 he moved into Chislehurst Rectory where Francis Dawson had a telescope used by his predecessor Francis Wollaston, who had also been a keen astronomer. Hussey was able to use the Chislehurst telescope to report on sun spots and was selected to provide the English part of a new star chart drawn up by the Berlin Academy of Science. He spent a great deal of his money on astronomical equipment including purchasing a magnificent Fraunhofer telescope, one of only four in the country. Fraunhofer telescope Hussey had to wait until 1832 before he could issue invitations to other astronomers to see his new observatory at Hayes in action. ‘The telescope 6.5 inches aperture that I got from Munich is at length mounted and, although about nine feet long, has not, when following the stars with its highest point, the slightest shake and tremor and the machinery keeps going for about half an hour without winding up.’ In the early 1830s, he also verified astronomical tables for John Lubbock, drew up a Catalogue of Comets from 1770 BC to 1744 AD, investigated differences between the views of ancient and more modern astronomers on the Rotation of Jupiter and continued to provide observations which appeared in various journals both in Britain and in Germany. Discovery of the Planet Neptune On 17 November 1834, he wrote to the Astronomer Royal, G B Airy, to suggest the possibility of some disturbing body beyond Uranus. He proposed to sweep closely for the body or bodies but Airy replied that ‘if there were any extraneous action, I doubt much the possibility of determining the place of the planet which produced it’. Discouraged by this reply Hussey did not proceed but within a few years, the new planet had been discovered and was called Neptune. In the 1980s Patrick Moore saw the importance of Hussey’s observations and subsequently Hussey was credited with the Guinness Book of Astronomy as the person to be the first to suggest in the 1830s the existence of the planet. Halley’s Comet Hussey’s last astronomical sightings were In 1835. Astronomers in England were all competing to be the first to sight Halley’s Comet. Hussey wrote very excitedly to JohnLubbock and W S Stratford that he had not been able to see it on Thursday but found it on Sunday morning at about 3.30 a.m. His findings were reported in the Times on 25 August 1835. An accident then happened which prevented him from using his observatory which later became a schoolroom for his children. His exceptional collection of instruments was sold to Durham University in 1838 where they were used for a purpose-built observatory. The rectory was sold to Bromley Council in 1937 and shortly before the start of the Second World War Hussey’s observatory was one of the structures demolished to prepare for the new public library. Nothing remains in Hayes to mark Revd Thomas Hussey’s contribution to astronomy and science.

FINDLAY, Alexander George

FINDLAY, Alexander George FINDLAY, Alexander George 6 Jan 1812 –   May 1875Engraver, geographer and hydrographerFellow Royal Geographical Society Alexander George Findlay was born in 1812 to Alexander and Sarah Findlay. He followed his father’s profession as an engraver and cartographer, producing many maps for R H Laurie. In 1842 he published a revised version of Brooke’s Gazetteer & the Coasts & Islands of the Pacific Ocean. His output was prolific and well described in his obituary by the Royal Geographical Society of which he became a member in 1844. He produced a unique series of Six Nautical Directories of the Great Oceans which were widely used. He sat on the Arctic Committee of the Royal Geographical Society. and he was a friend of Dr Livingstone, mapping the Nile and the routes taken by Burton and Speke in central Africa in 1858-9. On R H Laurie’s death in 1858 he took over the publishing firm. He was awarded the medal of the Society of Arts for his dissertation on ‘The English Lighthouse System. In Hayes he designed a new altar screen for the Church and painted the wording of the Ten Commandments as a thanksgiving for his recovery from an illness in 1847. Today, these hang in the belfry of Hayes Parish Church. In the same year he also drew a detailed plan of the Church interior. In 1850 he married Sarah Rutley and moved to Rockwells, Dulwich Wood Park where he died 3 May 1875 aged 63. He was buried in Hayes. He had no children so left the business to his nephews, Daniel and William Kettle, who lived with their mother Sarah at the White House. They were already involved and continued both to produce original works and also to revise and update some of their uncle’s maps. William was described as a hydrographer in the 1881 Census but by 1891 both he and his brother Daniel were listed as Nautical Publishers. In 1897, the year they left Hayes, William Richardson Kettle FRGS, for example,  produced a supplement to the 4th edition of Findlay’s Sailing Directory for the Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Persian Gulf and Bay of Bengal.  Daniel with his interest in antiquity and local history seems to have been the brother who was more involved with events in Hayes although both brothers subscribed a guinea (£1.05) annually to the Hayes Church School. References:  P Griffiths, The Findlays of Leith & London and their Kettle Descendants, with special thanks for the image of Alexander George Findlay.C Kadwell History of Hayes Bromley Historic Collections p180/28/12

KETTLE, Daniel Walter

KETTLE, Daniel Walter Daniel Kettle was the son of Daniel and Sarah Kettle. He was 13 when his father died and his mother moved back into her family home, The White House, on Hayes Common.  Encouraged from an early age by his grandfather, Alexander Findlay, and uncle, Alexander George Findlay, he soon was involved in the production of many different types of maps and in the 1871 census his profession was given as a Geographical Draughtsman.Ten years later he had taken over his uncle’s business and was now a nautical publisher with a special interest in producing or updating coastal and ocean maps. It is fortunate for people interested in the history of his local village that he was very keen to preserve information on and drawings of Hayes that would otherwise have disappeared. He reproduced a map of Hayes & its Environs in 1882 which had originally been made by his grandfather Alexander Findlay in 1829. He ensured that the statement of the receipts and expenditure for the 1856 building of the north aisle of the Parish Church was preserved and also provided details of the building of the south aisle in 1879 and the contribution of Lord Sackville Cecil of the Oast House. After the death of the Revd George Varenne Reed a full list of the contributors to the rector’s memorial fountain was made.  He made black and white drawings from some of the original paintings of Wilhelmina Traill of Hayes Place, including a view of the Village showing the old George Inn and the stocks in 1815. Another illustration he saved was a drawing by his uncle, Alexander George Findlay, of the village in about 1835. He was also interested in archaeology and drew a palaeolithic flint & neolithic flint axe found in 1896 on the Common.The following year he discovered and made a detailed coloured copy of a Hayes palaeolithic flint. Shortly before he left Hayes in 1897 he collaborated with Lord Sackville Cecil of the Oast House to insert these drawings in a copy of Kadwell’s History of Hayes 1833 which was created with space for later insertions.   He still retained an interest in the village after he moved and on his death he was buried in the churchyard. References:P Griffiths The Findlays of Leith & London and their Kettle descendants www.genealogycrank.co.uk with special thanks for the photograph of Daniel Walter Kettle C Kadwell The History of Hayes in the County of Kent, 1898 edition Bromley Historic Collections P180/28/12

FINDLAY, Alexander

FINDLAY, Alexander7 December 1788 – 7 January 1870Geographer and Engraver of maps and chartsFounder Member Royal Geographical SocietyBuilt The White House, Hayes about 1830 Alexander was born in Bermondsey, the eldest child of Archibald and Mary Findlay. From an early age he was involved in the production of maps and charts and did much of his work for the map publisher Richard Holmes Laurie, whose business he helped to expand  He married Sarah in 1810 and had four children, Alexander, Archibald, Sarah and William. His office was in London but he moved with his family to the countryside, initially to Keston. His son Archibald died in 1828 and was buried in Keston Parish Churchyard. Shortly afterwards the family moved from Keston to a house, later known as the White House, on Hayes Common. He also leased some land at the back of the house from George Norman. Map workIn 1829 he engraved R H Laurie’s survey of the Environs of London and a year later he became one of the founding members of the Royal Geographical Society. He remained a fellow of the society until his death in 1870.His works included a Chart of the Estuary of the Thames, maps of North America and Europe and a chart of the Mediterranean Sea. He continued to be involved in producing maps until 1865. His map of Hayes and its environs was included in Charles Kadwell’s History of Hayes, 1833. Churchwarden and Overseer of the PoorHe played an active role in the Hayes Vestry between 1835  and 1855. In 1840, as one of the two Overseers of the Poor with Joseph Langridge, he presented the accounts which the Vestry approved. In 1841 the other overseer was John Rose Brandon and from 1842 to 1844 Timothy Tilden. This included the challenging period when the local workhouse was replaced by the Union Workhouse set up in Farnborough after the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 and there were difficult decisions to be made about the sale of the Parish Workhouse. He attended the Vestry as a Churchwarden from 1845 to 1855 and chaired some of the meetings in 1848,49 and 52. He was also present in 1859 and 1860 when the Vestry considered encroachments on the Common, the possible disposal of Parish properties which included his home and the rights of Commoners. DeathHis wife Sarah died in 1865 from congestion of the lungs at the age of 76. She was buried in Hayes Churchyard. Alexander seems to have been deeply affected by his loss. In 1870 he died from ‘Decay of Nature’ in the presence of his clergyman son William who assisted at his burial in the Churchyard on 13 January 1870. References:P Griffiths The Findlays of Leith & London and their Kettle descendants www.genealogycrank.co.uk with special thanks for the photograph of Alexander FindlayC Kadwell The History of Hayes in the County of Kent Bromley Historic Collections P180/28/12

MORLEY Thomas William

MORLEY. Thomas William10 October 1883 – 3 March 1931Artist Thomas Morley, born at 34 Pope Road, Bromley, lived in Hayes at 9 St Mary Cottages (14 Baston Road) after his marriage in 1909 to Alice Arnold.  He met her whilst studying at the School of Science and Art in Bromley.  She was the daughter of a police constable who moved with his family into the cottage in 1886 and who died there in 1916. FamilyThomas and Alice had three daughters and a son.  Joan was the eldest, Margaret was born in 1912, Thomas Jeffery in 1914 (he died in the Second World War) and Kathleen was born in 1916.   Alice Morley née Arnold (photo W. Weaver) AchievementsThomas became well known as a landscape painter, working in both watercolours and oil.  His most successful period was before the First World War. Three of his paintings were shown at the Royal Academy before he was 27 years old and subsequently another three were accepted.  He also had exhibitions at the Institutes of Watercolours and Oil Painters. He found a great deal to inspire him in his immediate surroundings as is revealed by some of the titles of his paintings: – Sunset over Hayes Common, Hayes Common, Over the Common Hayes, Snowy Road Hayes Common. He also travelled widely through Kent and also to northern France and Belgium.  On Hayes Common by Thomas W Morley First World WarAfter the declaration of war in 1914 he joined the army and served in Italy and France. While he was serving n Italy he was given special dispensation to travel & paint.  He produced some fine paintings but faced struggles after the war.   Exhibition 1922His works were still exhibited but he made fewer sales. At an exhibition in Beckenham in 1922 the reporter remarked that the bold moving sky in his ‘Coming of Spring, Hayes Common’ conveyed ‘ a wonderful sense of life and motion.  One can almost breathe the fresh air in this picture.’DeathHe was only 47 years old when he died from a chill caught when sketching at Eynsford . He was buried in Hayes Churchyard.   Reference:  Guide to an Exhibition of Works by Thomas William Morley held at Bromley Central Library 5 – 30th June 1979  (Bromley Historic Collections  L52)

HARRIS, Audrey Sophia “Sophie” (1900-1966) and Margaret Frances “Peggy” (1904-2000)

HARRIS,  Audrey Sophia “Sophie” (1900 – 1966) and Margaret Frances “Percy” (1904 -2000) Theatrical set and costume designers Sophie Devine (née Harris) (photo Sophie Jump) Margaret ‘Percy’ Harris The early years of the well known founders of the Motley Company, Audrey and Margaret (Percy) Harris, were spent in Hayes.  They were the daughters of William and Kathleen Harris and until 1937 their home was the White House, Hayes, although they trained and later had their studio in London.  Their mother Kathleen had artistic leanings and was a keen amateur photographer. From an early age they were encouraged to dress up and had a fairly unrestricted life exploring and playing on the Common. Both Sophie and Margaret inherited their mother’s talent but sadly she died in 1916.  Before Kathleen died she  was a member of the Kent 50 VADs which Audrey joined as soon as she was old enough, serving at Oakley VAD Hospital on Bromley Common until the war ended. After the war the sisters became involved with local organisations helping with the newly formed Girl Guides and with the plays performed by the local Women’s Institute. In 1928, for example, Percy Harris made the costumes for a Guide entertainment that raised £8.  In 1930 Audrey Harris, took part in a WI production of scenes from ‘Quality Street’ by J M Barrie and in 1931 both Peggy and Audrey took part in a  Hayes WI performance for which they made the costumes.   Also starring was Elizabeth Montgomery whom they met when they were at Art College in London and with whom they formed the influential Motley Company. Their Company became renowned for its theatrical designs of sets and costumes.  Hilda Reader, daughter of the Hayes village dressmaker, was the principal costume cutter for about 30 years. In the beginning, Motley operated from the White House until premises were found in London. Their first major client was John Gielgud when he directed a production of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ for the Oxford University Dramatic Society in 1932. They also designed the costumes for his ‘Merchant of Venice’ at the Old Vic in the same year.  The operation expanded and eventually they needed to employ a staff of 60.  Laurence Olivier called them ‘magical’ designers and  used them for his ‘Macbeth’ in 1937 and ‘Romeo and Juliet’ on Broadway in 1940. Sophie married actor and director George Devine in July 1939. Sophie died in 1966 and Peggy then set up the Motley Theatre Design Company.  She visited the White House a few months before she died on 10 May 2000. Further information Mullin M, Design by Motley, University of Delaware Press , 1996Strachan Alan, Motley Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, OUP, 2004.

HARRIS, Norman

HARRIS, Norman  7 November 1898 – 26 November 1914Midshipman Norman Harris was the second son of William Birbeck and Kathleen Harris of the White House, Hayes.  He was sent to Osborne Naval College at the age of 11 and later to the Royal Naval College at Dartmouth. On the outbreak of war in 1914 his parents received a telegram saying ‘we are mobilised’. Short of naval officers, the eldest boys from the college were made midshipmen. The ship to which he was posted, HMS Bulwark, was loading ammunition at its base in Sheerness when a huge explosion destroyed it.  Norman Harris was killed. He was just 16 years old and became the youngest of the Hayes casualties in the First World War.  Memorial in Hayes Parish Church